The Catholic Church’s relationship with the State of Israel, and with Zionism, has historically been complex, influenced by theological, historical and social factors. While many American Catholics are supportive of the Jewish people and sympathetic toward Israel, they do not necessarily identify as Zionist. For other Catholics, identifying as anti-Zionist reflects a criticism of certain political actions or policies of Israel, especially concerning Palestinian rights. However, the language used in such criticism can reveal latent antisemitism or religious prejudice.

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